Microgrid/Macrogrid Energy Exchange: A Novel Market Structure and Stochastic Scheduling

作者：Michael Zachar, Pródromos Daoutidis · 发表于：IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid · 年份：2016 · DOI：10.1109/tsg.2016.2600487 · 被引用次数：67 · 研究领域：Microgrid Control and Optimization、Smart Grid Energy Management、Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure

This paper explores the stochastic scheduling of microgrids where energy exchange with the macrogrid must be coordinated ahead of time. In particular, a market structure is proposed in which microgrid operators make day-ahead energy exchange commitments. Microgrids are fined for deviating too far from commitments and a maximum difference between commitments in subsequent hours is enforced. These constraints are included to reduce the burden placed on the macrogrid by distributed generation. Under this market structure, a scheduling problem is formulated for a microgrid system consisting of microturbines, a photovoltaic array, a battery bank, and a bi-directional connection to the macrogrid. Chance-constrained optimization is used to minimize operational cost and ensure the energy exchange commitments are met. The problem is transformed into a mixed integer linear program, and is solved to show that these commitments can be satisfied with a high level of certainty and to illustrate inherent tradeoffs between microgrid performance and level of regulation.