Tissue-Specific Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

作者：Eric A. Owens, Maged Henary, Georges El Fakhri, Hak Soo Choi · 发表于：Accounts of Chemical Research · 年份：2016 · DOI：10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00239 · 被引用次数：418 · 研究领域：Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics、Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies、Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence light has been widely utilized in clinical imaging by providing surgeons highly specific images of target tissue. The "NIR window" from 650 to 900 nm is especially useful due to several special features such as minimal autofluorescence and absorption of biomolecules in tissue, as well as low light scattering. Compared with visible wavelengths, NIR fluorescence light is invisible, thus allowing highly sensitivity real-time image guidance in human surgery without changing the surgical field. The benefit of using NIR fluorescence light as a clinical imaging technology can be attributed to its molecular fluorescence as an exogenous contrast agent. Indeed, whole body preoperative imaging of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) remains important in diagnostic utility, but they lack the efficacy of innocuous and targeted NIR fluorophores to simultaneously facilitate the real-time delineation of diseased tissue while preserving vital tissues. Admittedly, NIR imaging technology has been slow to enter clinical use mostly due to the late-coming development of truly breakthrough contrast agents for use with current imaging systems. Therefore, clearly defining the physical margins of tumorous tissue remains of paramount importance in bioimaging and targeted therapy. An equally noteworthy yet less researched goal is the ability to outline healthy vital tissues that should be carefully navigated without tr...