Rates of Physical and Chemical Processes in a Carbonate Aquifer

作者：William Back, Bruce B. Hanshaw · 发表于：Advances in chemistry series · 年份：1971 · DOI：10.1021/ba-1971-0106.ch003 · 被引用次数：29 · 研究领域：Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis、Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis、Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods

For much of the Tertiary carbonate aquifer system of Florida, the velocity of ground-water flow ranges from 2 to 8 meters per year. Water in the recharge area is undersaturated with respect to both calcite and dolomite. As the water moves downgradient, it attains equilibrium with respect to calcite in about 4000 carbon-14 years and with respect to dolomite in about 15,000 carbon-14 years. Combining the amount of entropy produced from chemical and physical processes with carbon-14 ages provides an approximation of the total entropy (excluding thermal energy from heat flow) production for the system as a function of time and distance. The values range from about -2 to 7 mcal/kg/°K/1000 years for various flow paths of about 100 km.