CO 2 Exchange over the Alaskan Arctic Tundra: Meteorological Assessment by an Aerodynamic Method

作者：Pat Coyne, John J. Kelley · 发表于：Journal of Applied Ecology · 年份：1975 · DOI：10.2307/2402176 · 被引用次数：89 · 研究领域：Climate change and permafrost、Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics、Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology

Photosynthesis, which incorporates solar energy into stored chemical energy, is the foundation of ecosystem function. Kinetic characterization of primary productivity is therefore paramount to understanding energy partition and flow within an ecological system. The International Biological Program U.S. Tundra Biome has directed an integrated research programme in the Arctic Tundra near Barrow, Alaska since 1970. Objectives have included understanding the structure and function of the tundra ecosystem. The central role played by primary producers of the system has resulted in considerable research to characterize photosynthesis and related processes. Independent and complementary approaches were needed to measure the seasonal incorporation of as a function of environmental parameters. The methods used at the Barrow site included the harvest method (Dennis & Tieszen 1972), in situ measurement of photosynthesis by cuvette techniques (Tieszen 1973), rates of CO2 incorporation (Tieszen, Johnson & Caldwell 1972), and a micrometeorological determination of exchange rates by an aerodynamic method which forms the subject of this paper. In comparison with other methods for assessing primary productivity, the aerodynamic method has some desirable attributes. It is non-destructive and is sensitive to immediate environmental conditions, and it measures exchange by the whole community so that extrapolation from measurements on individual plants is not required. In effect this approach inte...