The Four-Function Model of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

作者：Kate H. Bentley, Matthew K. Nock, David H. Barlow · 发表于：Clinical Psychological Science · 年份：2014 · DOI：10.1177/2167702613514563 · 被引用次数：260 · 研究领域：Suicide and Self-Harm Studies、Insect and Pesticide Research、Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study

Nonsuicidal self-injury is receiving increasing attention in empirical and clinical realms. Indeed, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders designated nonsuicidal self-injury as a condition that requires further study, which signals possible future official adoption. Despite growing interest in this perplexing phenomenon, much remains unknown about why nonsuicidal self-injury occurs, including fundamental features of its etiology and underlying mechanisms. In addition, no evidence-based interventions that directly target this maladaptive behavior currently exist. The recently developed, empirically supported four-function model posits that nonsuicidal self-injury is maintained by four distinct reinforcement processes. In this review, we used the four-function model to guide the understanding of important unanswered questions and suggest much-needed studies for future research in the field of self-injury.