Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0

作者：S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, F. Aharonian, S. Aiello, Andrea Albert, F. Ameli, E.G. Anassontzis, Michel L. Andre, Giorgos Androulakis, Marco Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, T. Avgitas, G. C. Barbarino, E. Barbarito, B. Baret, Javier Barrios-Martí, Bouchra Belhorma, A. Belias, Edward Berbee, Albert van den Berg, Vincent Bertin, S. Beurthey, V. van Beveren, N. Beverini, S. Biagi, A. Biagioni, Michel Billault, M. Bondí, R. Bormuth, B. Bouhadef, G. Bourlis, Simon Bourret, C. Boutonnet, M.C. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. Bruijn, Jürgen Brunner, E. Buis, J. Busto, Giorgio Cacopardo, Laurence Caillat, Massimo Calamai, David C. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, S. Cecchini, Silvia Celli, C. Champion, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, Lew Classen, Rosanna Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, S. Colonges, R. Coniglione, M. Cordelli, Alain Cosquer, Paschal Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, Antonio D’Amico, G. De Bonis, G. De Rosa, Chiara De Sio, F. Di Capua, I. Di Palma, A F Díaz García, Carla Distefano, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, Q. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, Luke O'C. Drury, Mora Durocher, T. Eberl, S. Eichie, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsäesser, A. Enzenhöfer, F. Fassi, Paolo Favali, P. Fermani, Giovanna Ferrara, Christos Filippidis, G. Frascadore, L. Fusco, T. Gal, S. Galatà, Fabio Garufi, P. Gay, M. Gebyehu, V. Giordano, Nectaria Gizani, Rodrigo Gracia, K. Graf, T. Grégoire, G. Grella, Roberto Habel, S. Hallmann, Hans van Haren, S. Harissopulos, Thomas Heid, A. Heijboer, E. Heine, Sam Henry, J.J. Hernandez, M. A. Hevinga, J. Hofestädt, C. Hugon, G. Illuminati, Clancy W. James, P. Jansweijer, Martijn Jongen, Marlon de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, A. Kappes, Uli F. Katz, Matthias Keller, Gerard Kieft, D. Kießling, Els N. Koffeman, P. Kooijman, A. Kouchner, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, Antonios Leisos, Emanuele Leonora, Miles Lindsey Clark, A. Liolios, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, Domenico Lo Presti, H. Löhner, A. Lonardo, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, E. Maccioni, K. Mannheim, A. Margiotta, Antonio Marinelli, Ovidiu Maris, C. Markou, Juan Antonio Martinez-Mora, A. Martini, Rosa Mele, Karel W. Melis, T Michael, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, A. Miraglia, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, M Mongelli, M. Morganti, A. Moussa, P. Musico, Mario Salvatore Musumeci, Sergio Navas, C. A. Nicolau, I. Olcina, C. Olivetto, Angelo Orlando, A. Papaikonomou, R. Papaleo, G. E. Păvălaş, H. Peek, C. Pellegrino, C. Perrina, M. M. Pfützner, P. Piattelli, K. Pikounis, Gaetano Elio Poma, V. A. Popa, T. Pradier, Fabio Pratolongo, Gerd Pühlhofer, Sara Pulvirenti, L. Quinn, C. Racca, F. Raffaelli, Nunzio Randazzo, P. A. Rapidis, P. A. Razis, Diego REAL, L.K. Resvanis, Jonas Reubelt, G. Riccobene, C. De Rossi, Alberto Rovelli, M. M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez García, A. Sánchez‐Losa, Matteo Sanguineti, Andrea E. Santangelo, Domenico Santonocito, P. Sapienza, F. Schimmel, Jan-Willem Schmelling, Virginia Sciacca, M. Sedita, Thomas Seitz, Irene Sgura, F. Simeone, Ion Siotis, V. Sipala, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, G. Stavropoulos, Jos Steijger, S. M. Stellacci, Dominik Stransky, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, Damien Tezier, Stephane Theraube, Lee F. Thompson, Paul Timmer, Christoph Tönnis, Luciano Trasatti, Agata Trovato, Apostolos G. Tsirigotis, S. Tzamarias, E. Tzamariudaki, B. Vallage, Veronique Van Elewyck, J. C. Vermeulen, P. Vicini, Salvatore Viola, D. Vivolo, M. Volkert, George Voulgaris, Laetitia Wiggers, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, Katerina Zachariadou, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga · 发表于：Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · 年份：2016 · DOI：10.1088/0954-3899/43/8/084001 · 被引用次数：930 · 研究领域：Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena、Neutrino Physics Research、Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena

The main objectives of the KM3NeT Collaboration are (i) the discovery and subsequent observation of high-energy neutrino sources in the Universe and (ii) the determination of the mass hierarchy of neutrinos.These objectives are strongly motivated by two recent important discoveries, namely: (1) the highenergy astrophysical neutrino signal reported by IceCube and (2) the sizable contribution of electron neutrinos to the third neutrino mass eigenstate as reported by Daya Bay, Reno and others.To meet these objectives, the KM3NeT Collaboration plans to build a new Research Infrastructure consisting of a network of deep-sea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea.A phased and distributed implementation is pursued which maximises the access to regional funds, the availability of human resources and the synergistic opportunities for the Earth and sea sciences community.Three suitable deep-sea sites are selected, namely off-shore Toulon (France), Capo Passero (Sicily, Italy) and Pylos (Peloponnese, Greece).The infrastructure will consist of three so-called building blocks.A building block comprises 115 strings, each string comprises 18 optical modules and each optical module comprises 31 photo-multiplier tubes.Each building block thus constitutes a threedimensional array of photo sensors that can be used to detect the Cherenkov light produced by relativistic particles emerging from neutrino interactions.Two building blocks will be sparsely configured to fully explore the IceCube...