Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal’s 2015 Gorkha earthquake

作者：Jeffrey S. Kargel, G. J. Leonard, Dan H. Shugar, Umesh K. Haritashya, Alexandre Bevington, E. J. Fielding, Koji Fujita, Marten Geertsema, Evan Miles, Jakob Steiner, Eric Anderson, S. R. Bajracharya, G. W. Bawden, David F. Breashears, Alton C. Byers, Brian D. Collins, Megh Raj Dhital, Andrea Donnellan, Teresa Evans, Marie-Laure Geai, M. T. Glasscoe, David A. Green, Deo Raj Gurung, Renée A. Heijenk, Andrea Hilborn, K. W. Hudnut, Charles Huyck, Walter W. Immerzeel, Liming Jiang, Randall W. Jibson, Andreas Kääb, Narendra Raj Khanal, Dalia Kirschbaum, Philip Kraaijenbrink, Damodar Lamsal, Liu Shiyin, Mingyang Lv, Daene C. McKinney, Natasha K. Nahirnick, Zhuotong Nan, S. Ojha, Jeff Olsenholler, T. H. Painter, M. Pleasants, K. C. Pratima, Qiang Yuan, Bruce Raup, D. Regmi, David R. Rounce, Akiko Sakai, Shangguan Donghui, J. M. Shea, A. B. Shrestha, Aparna Shukla, D. Stumm, Marco van der Kooij, K. Voss, Wang Xin, Brandon J. Weihs, David Wolfe, Wu Lizong, Yao Xiaojun, Mark R. Yoder, N. W. Young · 发表于：Science · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1126/science.aac8353 · 被引用次数：579 · 研究领域：Landslides and related hazards、earthquake and tectonic studies、Earthquake Detection and Analysis

The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing ~9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions.