Inflammatory Markers Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Bipolar Spectrum Disorders

作者：Benjamin I. Goldstein, Francis E. Lotrich, David Axelson, Mary Kay Gill, Heather Hower, Tina R. Goldstein, Jieyu Fan, Shirley Yen, Rasim Somer Diler, Daniel P. Dickstein, Michael Strober, Satish Iyengar, Neal D. Ryan, Martin B. Keller, Boris Birmaher · 发表于：The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.4088/jcp.14m09395 · 被引用次数：76 · 研究领域：Tryptophan and brain disorders、Bipolar Disorder and Treatment、Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor

OBJECTIVE: Despite burgeoning literature in middle-aged adults, little is known regarding proinflammatory markers (PIMs) among adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder. Similarly, few prior studies have considered potential confounds when examining the association between PIMs and bipolar disorder characteristics. We therefore retrospectively examined these topics in the Course and Outcome of Bipolar Youth (COBY) study. METHOD: Subjects were 123 adolescents and young adults (mean [SD] = 20.4 ± 3.8 years; range, 13.4-28.3 years) in COBY, enrolled between October 2000 and July 2006. DSM-IV diagnoses were determined using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS). Clinical characteristics during the preceding 6 months, including mood, comorbidity, and treatment, were evaluated using the Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation (LIFE). Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were assayed. Primary analyses examined the association of PIMs with bipolar disorder characteristics during the preceding 6 months. RESULTS: Several lifetime clinical characteristics were significantly associated with PIMs in multivariable analyses, including longer illness duration (P = .005 for IL-6; P = .0004 for hsCRP), suicide attempts (P = .01 for TNF-α), family history of suicide attempts or completion (P = .01 for hsCRP), self-injurious behavior (P =.005 for TNF-α), sub...