Prevention of Orofacial Clefts: Does Pregnancy Planning Have a Role?

作者：Peter Anthony Mossey, Janet Ann Davies, Julian Little · 发表于：The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal · 年份：2006 · DOI：10.1597/06-002 · 被引用次数：36 · 研究领域：Cleft Lip and Palate Research、Folate and B Vitamins Research、HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between pregnancy planning and orofacial clefts in the United Kingdom. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Scotland and the Manchester and Merseyside regions of England. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and ninety-one children born with nonsyndromic orofacial cleft, 1997 to 2000, and 247 controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Cleft lip with and without cleft palate, and cleft palate. RESULTS: There was an inverse association between planning for pregnancy and orofacial cleft in the offspring (odds ratio [OR] = 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33-0.79). An unplanned pregnancy together with smoking in the first trimester of pregnancy resulted in almost treble the risk of a child with an orofacial cleft when compared with those who planned their pregnancy and did not smoke (OR = 2.92, CI = 1.50-5.65). CONCLUSIONS: Planned pregnancies were associated with a lower risk of orofacial clefts. Isolation of the elements of pregnancy planning implicated in these results is difficult. Current preconception advice needs to reach a wider audience; however, for maximum impact, efforts are needed to reduce the numbers of unplanned pregnancies.