Chemokine Signaling and Functional Responses: The Role of Receptor Dimerization and TK Pathway Activation

作者：Mario Mellado, José Miguel Rodrı́guez-Frade, Santos Mañes, Carlos Martínez‐A · 发表于：Annual Review of Immunology · 年份：2001 · DOI：10.1146/annurev.immunol.19.1.397 · 被引用次数：394 · 研究领域：Chemokine receptors and signaling、Immune Cell Function and Interaction、T-cell and B-cell Immunology

A broad array of biological responses, including cell polarization, movement, immune and inflammatory responses, and prevention of HIV-1 infection, are triggered by the chemokines, a family of structurally related chemoattractant proteins that bind to specific seven-transmembrane receptors linked to G proteins. Here we discuss one of the early signaling pathways activated by chemokines, the JAK/STAT pathway. Through this pathway, and possibly in conjunction with other signaling pathways, the chemokines promote changes in cellular morphology, collectively known as polarization, required for chemotactic responses. The polarized cell expresses the chemokine receptors at the leading cell edge, to which they are conveyed by rafts, a cholesterol-enriched membrane fraction fundamental to the lateral organization of the plasma membrane. Finally, the mechanisms through which the chemokines promote their effect are discussed in the context of the prevention of HIV-1 infection.