Driving Pressure and Survival in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

作者：Marcelo B. P. Amato, Maureen O. Meade, Arthur S. Slutsky, Laurent Jean Brochard, Eduardo Leite Vieira Costa, David Schoenfeld, Thomas E. Stewart, Matthias Briel, Daniel S. Talmor, Alain Mercat, Jean-Christophe Marie Richard, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho, Roy G. Brower · 发表于：New England Journal of Medicine · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1056/nejmsa1410639 · 被引用次数：2880 · 研究领域：Respiratory Support and Mechanisms、Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research、Delphi Technique in Research

BACKGROUND: Mechanical-ventilation strategies that use lower end-inspiratory (plateau) airway pressures, lower tidal volumes (VT), and higher positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEPs) can improve survival in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the relative importance of each of these components is uncertain. Because respiratory-system compliance (CRS) is strongly related to the volume of aerated remaining functional lung during disease (termed functional lung size), we hypothesized that driving pressure (ΔP=VT/CRS), in which VT is intrinsically normalized to functional lung size (instead of predicted lung size in healthy persons), would be an index more strongly associated with survival than VT or PEEP in patients who are not actively breathing. METHODS: Using a statistical tool known as multilevel mediation analysis to analyze individual data from 3562 patients with ARDS enrolled in nine previously reported randomized trials, we examined ΔP as an independent variable associated with survival. In the mediation analysis, we estimated the isolated effects of changes in ΔP resulting from randomized ventilator settings while minimizing confounding due to the baseline severity of lung disease. RESULTS: Among ventilation variables, ΔP was most strongly associated with survival. A 1-SD increment in ΔP (approximately 7 cm of water) was associated with increased mortality (relative risk, 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 1.51; P<0.001), even in ...