Quantitative microscopy of functional HIV post-entry complexes reveals association of replication with the viral capsid

作者：Ke Peng, Walter Muranyi, Bärbel Glass, Vibor Laketa, Stephen R. Yant, Luong Tsai, Tomáš Cihlář, Bárbara Müller, Hans‐Georg Kräusslich · 发表于：eLife · 年份：2014 · DOI：10.7554/elife.04114 · 被引用次数：166 · 研究领域：HIV Research and Treatment、HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment、HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions

The steps from HIV-1 cytoplasmic entry until integration of the reverse transcribed genome are currently enigmatic. They occur in ill-defined reverse-transcription- and pre-integration-complexes (RTC, PIC) with various host and viral proteins implicated. In this study, we report quantitative detection of functional RTC/PIC by labeling nascent DNA combined with detection of viral integrase. We show that the viral CA (capsid) protein remains associated with cytoplasmic RTC/PIC but is lost on nuclear PIC in a HeLa-derived cell line. In contrast, nuclear PIC were almost always CA-positive in primary human macrophages, indicating nuclear import of capsids or capsid-like structures. We further show that the CA-targeted inhibitor PF74 exhibits a bimodal mechanism, blocking RTC/PIC association with the host factor CPSF6 and nuclear entry at low, and abrogating reverse transcription at high concentrations. The newly developed system is ideally suited for studying retroviral post-entry events and the roles of host factors including DNA sensors and signaling molecules.