A MUFA-Rich Diet Improves Posprandial Glucose, Lipid and GLP-1 Responses in Insulin-Resistant Subjects

作者：Juan Antonio Pacheco Paniagua, A. Gallego de la Sacristana, Esther Sánchez, Inmaculada Romero, Antonio Vidal‐Puig, Francisco José Berral de la Rosa, Antonio Escribano, Maria José Moyano, Pablo Pérez‐Martínez, José López‐Miranda, Francisco Pérez‐Jiménez · 发表于：Journal of the American College of Nutrition · 年份：2007 · DOI：10.1080/07315724.2007.10719633 · 被引用次数：228 · 研究领域：Diet and metabolism studies、Food composition and properties、Nutritional Studies and Diet

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of three weight-maintenance diets with different macronutrient composition on carbohydrate, lipid metabolism, insulin and incretin levels in insulin-resistant subjects. METHODS: A prospective study was performed in eleven (7 W, 4 M) offspring of obese and type 2 diabetes patients. Subjects had a BMI > 25 Kg/m2, waist circumference (men/women) > 102/88, HBA1c < 6.5% and were regarded as insulin-resistant after an OGTT (Matsuda ISIm <4). They were randomly divided into three groups and underwent three dietary periods each of 28 days in a crossover design: a) diet high in saturated fat (SAT), b) diet rich in monounsaturated fat (MUFA; Mediterranean diet) and c) diet rich in carbohydrate (CHO). RESULTS: Body weight and resting energy expenditure did not changed during the three dietary periods. Fasting serum glucose concentrations fell during MUFA-rich and CHO-rich diets compared with high-SAT diets (5.02 +/- 0.1, 5.03 +/- 0.1, 5.50 +/- 0.2 mmol/L, respectively. Anova < 0.05). The MUFA-rich diet improved insulin sensitivity, as indicated by lower homeostasis model analysis-insulin resistance (HOMA-ir), compared with CHO-rich and high-SAT diets (2.32 +/- 0.3, 2.52 +/- 0.4, 2.72 +/- 0.4, respectively, Anova < 0.01). After a MUFA-rich and high-SAT breakfasts (443 kcal) the postprandial integrated area under curve (AUC) of glucose and insulin were lowered compared with isocaloric CHO-rich breakfast (7.8 +/- 1.3, 5.84 +/- 1.2, 11.9 +/- 2.7 mmol . 180 mi...