A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of a Nutrition Intervention Program in a Multiethnic Adult Population in the Corporate Setting Reduces Depression and Anxiety and Improves Quality of Life: The GEICO Study

作者：Ulka Agarwal, Suruchi Mishra, Jia Yin Xu, Susan Levin, Joseph F. Gonzales, Neal D. Barnard · 发表于：American Journal of Health Promotion · 年份：2014 · DOI：10.4278/ajhp.130218-quan-72 · 被引用次数：117 · 研究领域：Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact、Nutritional Studies and Diet、Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations

PURPOSE: To determine whether a plant-based nutrition program in a multicenter, corporate setting improves depression, anxiety, and productivity. DESIGN: A quasi-experimental study examined the impact of diet on emotional well-being and productivity. SETTING: The study was conducted in 10 corporate sites of a major U.S. insurance company. SUBJECTS: There were 292 participants (79.8% women, 20.2% men), with body mass index ≥25 kg/m(2) and/or previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. INTERVENTION: Either weekly instruction in following a vegan diet or no instruction was given for 18 weeks. MEASURES: Depression and anxiety were measured using the Short Form-36 questionnaire. Work productivity was measured using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire. ANALYSIS: Baseline characteristics were examined by t-test for continuous variables and χ(2) test for categorical variables. Analysis of covariance models were adjusted for baseline covariates. Paired t-tests were used to determine within-group changes and t-tests for between-group differences. RESULTS: In an intention-to-treat analysis, improvements in impairment because of health (p < .001), overall work impairment because of health (p = .02), non-work-related activity impairment because of health (p < .001), depression (p = .02), anxiety (p = .04), fatigue (p < .001), emotional well-being (p = .01), daily functioning because of physical health (p = .01), and general health (p = 0.02) in the intervention group we...