Skeletal anchorage in orthodontics--a review of various systems in animal and human studies.

作者：Krista I. Janssen, Gerry M. Raghoebar, Arjan Vissink, Andrew Sandham · 发表于：PubMed · 年份：2008 · 被引用次数：56 · 研究领域：Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics、Facial Trauma and Fracture Management、Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes

PURPOSE: The aim of the present investigation was to review and evaluate the current literature on skeletal bone anchorage in orthodontics with regard to success rates of the various systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane searches (period January 1966 to January 2006, English language) of animal and human studies using skeletal anchorage during orthodontic treatment were scrutinized. A total of 50 relevant articles were identified which investigated various types of implants. RESULTS: Two types of anchorage systems are used in orthodontics: (1) osseointegrated dental implants, including temporary mid-palatal implants. These systems were associated with a wide variety of success rates in animal studies. In human studies, the systems were shown to be reliable, with success rates between 85% and 100% (ie, systems still functioning at the end of the orthodontic treatment). (2) Nonosseointegrated mini-plates and mini-screw anchorage systems. Titanium miniplates were associated with 100% success in animals, and hardly any loss of these mini-plates (bone anchors) were lost due to infection in human studies, with success rates between 91% and 100%. Few long-term studies on nonosseointegrated mini-screws were found, but in animal studies, success rates ranged from 90% to 100%. A success rate of more than 75% in human studies is considered favorable for these orthodontic implants, which confirms the clinical applicability of this type of immediate loading anchor ...