Multiple functional roles of flavonoids in photoprotection

作者：Giovanni Agati, Massimiliano Tattini · 发表于：New Phytologist · 年份：2010 · DOI：10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03269.x · 被引用次数：813 · 研究领域：Light effects on plants、Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms、Plant Gene Expression Analysis

Flavonoids have long been recognized as playing multiple roles in the responses of higher plants to a wide range of environmental constraints (Winkel-Shirley, 2002; Roberts & Paul, 2006), and early proposed as developmental regulators (Stafford, 1991). Over the last three decades, as ozone depletion has become a major environmental problem, the particular role of flavonoids in screening short-wavelength solar UV-B radiation (over the 280–315 nm waveband) has been strongly emphasized (Rozema et al., 1997; Burchard et al., 2000). It is now well documented that UV-B stress greatly enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as occurs in response to a plethora of environmental stresses (Apel & Hirt, 2004; Jenkins, 2009). UV-B-responsive flavonoids in general have the potential to reduce the oxidative damage caused by short solar wavelengths, in addition to reducing the risk of ROS generation by attenuating the penetration of UV-B radiation to sensitive leaf targets (Kytridis & Manetas, 2006; Kotilainen et al., 2008; Owens et al., 2008; Agati et al., 2009). An increased ratio of the 'effective antioxidant' quercetin or luteolin glycosides to the 'poor antioxidant' kaempferol or apigenin glycosides has been reported for plants exposed to high levels of UV-B or sunlight irradiance (Markham et al., 1998; Ryan et al., 1998; Gerhardt et al., 2008; Agati et al., 2009). Flavonoids occur not only in the vacuoles and cell walls of epidermal cells and in nonsecretory and gland...