Phosphorus Uptake by Plants: From Soil to Cell

作者：Daniel P. Schachtman, Robert J. Reid, Sarah M. Ayling · 发表于：PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · 年份：1998 · DOI：10.1104/pp.116.2.447 · 被引用次数：2034 · 研究领域：Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism、Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

P is an important plant macronutrient, making up about 0.2% of a plant's dry weight. It is a component of key molecules such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, and ATP, and, consequently, plants cannot grow without a reliable supply of this nutrient. Pi is also involved in controlling key enzyme reactions and in the regulation of metabolic pathways (Theodorou and Plaxton, 1993). After N, P is the second most frequently limiting macronutrient for plant growth. This update focuses on P in soil and its uptake by plants, transport across cell membranes, and compartmentation and redistribution within the plant. We will concentrate on P in higher plants, although broadly similar mechanisms have been shown to apply in algae and fungi. Although the total amount of P in the soil may be high, it is often present in unavailable forms or in forms that are only available outside of the rhizosphere. Few unfertilized soils release P fast enough to support the high growth rates of crop plant species. In many agricultural systems in which the application of P to the soil is necessary to ensure plant productivity, the recovery of applied P by crop plants in a growing season is very low, because in the soil more than 80% of the P becomes immobile and unavailable for plant uptake because of adsorption, precipitation, or conversion to the organic form (Holford, 1997). Plant acquisition of soil P. Plant root geometry and morphology are important for maximizing P uptake, because root systems that hav...