Ancient hybridizations among the ancestral genomes of bread wheat

作者：Thomas Marcussen, Simen R. Sandve, Lise Heier, M. Spannagl, Matthias Pfeifer, Kjetill S. Jakobsen, Brande B. H. Wulff, Burkhard Steuernagel, Klaus Mayer, Odd-Arne Olsen, Jane Rogers, Jaroslav Doležel, Curtis Pozniak, Kellye Eversole, Catherine Feuillet, Bikram Gill, Bernd Friebe, Adam J. Lukaszewski, Pierre Sourdille, Takashi R. Endo, Marie Kubaláková, Jarmila Číhalíková, Zdeňka Dubská, Jan Vrána, Romana Šperková, Hana Šimková, Melanie Febrer, Leah Clissold, Kirsten McLay, Kuldeep Singh, Parveen Chhuneja, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Jitendra P. Khurana, Eduard Akhunov, Frédéric Choulet, Adriana Alberti, Valérie Barbe, Patrick Wincker, Hiroyuki Kanamori, Fuminori Kobayashi, Takeshi Itoh, Takashi Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sakai, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Jianzhong Wu, Yasunari Ogihara, Hirokazu Handa, P. Ron Maclachlan, Andrew Sharpe, Darrin Klassen, David Edwards, Jacqueline Batley, Sigbjørn Lien, Mario Cáccamo, Sarah Ayling, Ricardo H. Ramírez-González, Bernardo Clavijo, Jonathan Wright, Mihaela Martis, Martin Mascher, Jarrod Chapman, Jesse Poland, Uwe Scholz, Kerrie Barry, Robbie Waugh, Daniel S. Rokhsar, Gary J. Muehlbauer, Nils Stein, Heidrun Gundlach, Matthias Zytnicki, Véronique Jamilloux, Hadi Quesneville, Thomas Wicker, Primetta Faccioli, Moreno Colaiacovo, A. M. Stanca, Hikmet Budak, Luigi Cattivelli, Natasha Glover, Lise Pingault, Etienne Paux, Sapna Sharma, R. Appels, M. Bellgard, Brett Chapman, Thomas Nussbaumer, Kai Christian Bader, Hélène Rimbert, Shichen Wang, R. E. Knox, Andrzej Kilian, Michaël Alaux, Françoise Alfama, L.J. Couderc, Nicolas Guilhot, Claire Viseux, Mikaël Loaec, Beat Keller, Sébastien Praud · 发表于：Science · 年份：2014 · DOI：10.1126/science.1250092 · 被引用次数：841 · 研究领域：Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology、Chromosomal and Genetic Variations、Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics

The allohexaploid bread wheat genome consists of three closely related subgenomes (A, B, and D), but a clear understanding of their phylogenetic history has been lacking. We used genome assemblies of bread wheat and five diploid relatives to analyze genome-wide samples of gene trees, as well as to estimate evolutionary relatedness and divergence times. We show that the A and B genomes diverged from a common ancestor ~7 million years ago and that these genomes gave rise to the D genome through homoploid hybrid speciation 1 to 2 million years later. Our findings imply that the present-day bread wheat genome is a product of multiple rounds of hybrid speciation (homoploid and polyploid) and lay the foundation for a new framework for understanding the wheat genome as a multilevel phylogenetic mosaic.