Vitamin E and the Risk of Prostate Cancer

作者：Eric A. Klein, Ian M. Thompson, Catherine M. Tangen, John J. Crowley, M. Scott Lucia, Phyllis J. Goodman, Lori M. Minasian, Leslie G. Ford, Howard L. Parnes, J. Michael Gaziano, Daniel D. Karp, Michael M. Lieber, Philip Walther, Laurence Klotz, J. Kellogg Parsons, Joseph L. Chin, Amy K. Darke, Scott M. Lippman, Gary E. Goodman, Frank L. Meyskens, Laurence H. Baker · 发表于：JAMA · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1001/jama.2011.1437 · 被引用次数：1769 · 研究领域：Selenium in Biological Systems、Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress、Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism

CONTEXT: The initial report of the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) found no reduction in risk of prostate cancer with either selenium or vitamin E supplements but a statistically nonsignificant increase in prostate cancer risk with vitamin E. Longer follow-up and more prostate cancer events provide further insight into the relationship of vitamin E and prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term effect of vitamin E and selenium on risk of prostate cancer in relatively healthy men. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 35,533 men from 427 study sites in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico were randomized between August 22, 2001, and June 24, 2004. Eligibility criteria included a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 4.0 ng/mL or less, a digital rectal examination not suspicious for prostate cancer, and age 50 years or older for black men and 55 years or older for all others. The primary analysis included 34,887 men who were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: 8752 to receive selenium; 8737, vitamin E; 8702, both agents, and 8696, placebo. Analysis reflect the final data collected by the study sites on their participants through July 5, 2011. INTERVENTIONS: Oral selenium (200 μg/d from L-selenomethionine) with matched vitamin E placebo, vitamin E (400 IU/d of all rac-α-tocopheryl acetate) with matched selenium placebo, both agents, or both matched placebos for a planned follow-up of a minimum of 7 and maximum of 12 years....