Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (1 of 7): definitions, description of the burden and opportunities to improve data

作者：the GAPPS Review Group, Joy E Lawn, Michael G. Gravett, Toni M Nunes, Craig E. Rubens, Cynthia Stanton · 发表于：BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · 年份：2010 · DOI：10.1186/1471-2393-10-s1-s1 · 被引用次数：793 · 研究领域：Global Maternal and Child Health、Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare、Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis

INTRODUCTION: This is the first of seven articles from a preterm birth and stillbirth report. Presented here is an overview of the burden, an assessment of the quality of current estimates, review of trends, and recommendations to improve data. PRETERM BIRTH: Few countries have reliable national preterm birth prevalence data. Globally, an estimated 13 million babies are born before 37 completed weeks of gestation annually. Rates are generally highest in low- and middle-income countries, and increasing in some middle- and high-income countries, particularly the Americas. Preterm birth is the leading direct cause of neonatal death (27%); more than one million preterm newborns die annually. Preterm birth is also the dominant risk factor for neonatal mortality, particularly for deaths due to infections. Long-term impairment is an increasing issue. STILLBIRTH: Stillbirths are currently not included in Millennium Development Goal tracking and remain invisible in global policies. For international comparisons, stillbirths include late fetal deaths weighing more than 1000g or occurring after 28 weeks gestation. Only about 2% of all stillbirths are counted through vital registration and global estimates are based on household surveys or modelling. Two global estimation exercises reached a similar estimate of around three million annually; 99% occur in low- and middle-income countries. One million stillbirths occur during birth. Global stillbirth cause-of-death estimates are impeded by...