Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA: an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy

作者：Marcos Daniel Actis, Gaetano Agnetta, F. Aharonian, A. G. Akhperjanian, J. Aleksić, E. Aliu, D. Allan, I. Allekotte, F.C. Antico, Lucio Angelo Antonelli, P. Antoranz, A. E. Aravantinos, T. Arlen, Horacio Arnaldi, S. Artmann, Katsuaki Asano, H. Asorey, Jürgen Bähr, Alkiviadis F. Bais, C. Baixeras, S. Bajtlik, Dimitris Balis, Aya Bamba, C. Barbier, M. Barceló, A. Barnacka, Juergen Barnstedt, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, Stefano Basso, D. Bastieri, C. Bauer, J. Becerra, Yvonne Becherini, K. Bechtol, J. A. Becker, Volker Beckmann, W. Bednarek, B. Behera, M. Beilicke, M. Belluso, M. Benallou, W. Benbow, J. Berdugo, K. Berger, T. Bernardino, K. Bernlöhr, A. Biland, Sergio Guido Michele Billotta, Anthony R. Bird, E. Birsin, E. Bissaldi, Simon R. Blake, Oscar Blanch, A. Bobkov, L. Bogacz, M. Bogdan, Catherine Boisson, Juan Boix, Julien Bolmont, G. Bonanno, A. Bonardi, T. Bonev, J. Borkowski, O. Botner, A. Bottani, M. Bourgeat, C. Boutonnet, A. Bouvier, Sylvie Brau-Nogué, Ina Braun, T. Bretz, M. S. Briggs, P. Brun, L. Brunetti, J. H. Buckley, V. Bugaev, Rudolf Theoderich Buhler, T. Bulik, G. Busetto, Sara Buson, K. Byrum, M. Cailles, R. A. Cameron, R. Canestrari, Sarah Cantu, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, J. Carr, Pierre-Henri Carton, Margherita Casiraghi, H. Castarede, O. Catalano, Stefano Cavazzani, Stéphanie M. Cazaux, B. Cerruti, Matteo Cerruti, P. M. Chadwick, J. Chiang, M. Chikawa, Miroslav Cieslar, M. Ciesielska, Analia N. Cillis, C. Clerc, P. Colin, Josep Colomé, M. Compin, P. Conconi, V. Connaughton, Janet M. Conrad, J. L. Contreras, P. Coppi, M. Corlier, Pascal Corona, O. Corpace, Daniele Corti, J. Cortina, H. Costantini, Garret Cotter, Bernard Courty, Stefan Couturier, S. Covino, Judith H. Croston, G. Cusumano, Michael K. Daniel, F. Dazzi, Alessandro De Angelis, E. De Cea del Pozo, Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, O. de Jager, I. de la Calle Pérez, G. De La Vega, B. De Lotto, Mathieu de Naurois, Emma de Oña Wilhelmi, V. de Souza, B. Decerprit, C. Deil, E. Delagnes, Guillaume Deleglise, C. Delgado, T. Dettlaff, A. Di Paolo, F. Di Pierro, C. Díaz, J. Dick, H. J. Dickinson, S. W. Digel, D. Dimitrov, G. Disset, Arache Djannati-Ataï, M. Doert, W. Domainko, D. Dorner, Michele Doro, Jean Laurent Dournaux, Dainis Dravins, Luke O'C. Drury, F. Dubois, R. Dubois, G. Dubus, Charles Dufour, Dominique Durand, J. Dyks, M. Dyrda, E. Edy, Kathrin Egberts, C. Eleftheriadis, S. J. Jaimes Elles, D. Emmanoulopoulos, R. Enomoto, J.-P. Ernenwein, M. Errando, A. Etchegoyen, A. Falcone, K. Farakos, C. Farnier, S. Federici, F. Feinstein, D. Ferenc, E. Fillin-Martino, David J. Fink, Chad Finley, J. P. Finley, R. Firpo, Daniel Florin, Christian Föhr, E. D. Fokitis, L. Font, Gerard Fontaine, A. Fontana, Aren A. Forster, L. Fortson, N. Fouque, Claes Fransson, G. W. Fraser, L. Fresnillo, C. Fruck, Yutaka Fujita, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, W. Gäbele, S. Gabici, A. Gadola, N. Galante, Y. A. Gallant, Beatriz Eugenia Silva y Rodríguez García, Ramon J. García López, Daniel Alonso Garrido, L. Garrido, David Gascon, Christine Gasq, M. Gaug, J. Gaweda, N. Geffroy, C. Ghag, Adriano Ghedina, M. Ghigo, E. Gianakaki, Salvatore Giarrusso, G. Giavitto, B. Giebels, E. Giro, P. Giubilato, T. Glanzman, J. F. Glicenstein, Michał Gochna, Valery K. Golev, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Antonio J. González, François Gonzalez, Ferràn Grañena, R. Graciani, Jonathan Granot, R. Gredig, Anne M. Green, T. Greenshaw, Oliver R. Grimm, J. Grube, M. Grudzińska, J. Grygorczuk, V. Guarino, Luca Guglielmi, F. Guilloux, S. Gunji, G. Gyuk, D. Hadasch, Dennis Haefner, Rika Hagiwara, Joachim Hahn, A. Hallgren, Shinji Hara, M. J. Hardcastle, T. Hassan, T. Haubold, M. Häuser, Masaaki Hayashida, René Heller, G. Henri, German HERMANN, Artemio Herrero, J. A. Hinton, Dirk Hoffmann, W. Hofmann, P. Hofverberg, Dieter Horns, Dario Hrupec, H. Huan, B. Huber, J.‐M. Huet, G. Hughes, K. Hultquist, Thomas Brian Humensky, J.-F. Huppert, Aitor Ibarra, J. M. Illa, Johan Ingjald, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Susumu Inoue, Kunihito Ioka, C. Jablonski, Agnieszka Jacholkowska, M. Janiak, Pierre Jean, Hannes Jensen, T. Jogler, I. Jung, P. Kaaret, S. Kabuki, Jun Kakuwa, C. Kalkuhl, R. Kankanyan, Maria Kapala, A. Karastergiou, Mirosław Karczewski, S. Karkar, N. Karlsson, J. Kasperek, Hideaki Katagiri, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Norita Kawanaka, B. Kȩdziora, E. Kendziorra, Bruno Khelifi, David B Kieda, Tadashi Kifune, Thomas KIHM, S. Klepser, W. Kluźniak, Johannes Knapp, A. R. Knappy, Tanja Manuela Kneiske, Jürgen Knödlseder, François Servaas De Kock, K. Kodani, Kazunori Kohri, Kostas D. Kokkotas, Nu. Komin, A. Konopelko, Karl Kosack, Robert Kossakowski, P. Kostka, J. Kotuła, G. Kowal, Joanna Kozioł, T. Krähenbühl, J. Krause, Henric S. Krawczynski, Frank Krennrich, Axel Kretzschmann, H. Kubo, Vitaly A. Kudryavtsev, J. Kushida, A. La Barbera, Valentina La Parola, Giovanni La Rosa, Alicia López, Giovanni Lamanna, Philippe Laporte, C. Lavalley, T. Le Flour, A. Le Padellec, J.-P. Lenain, Luigi Lessio, B. Lieunard, Elina J. Lindfors, A. Liolios, T. Lohse, Saverio Lombardi, A. Lopatin, E. Lorenz, P. Lubiński, O. Luz, E. Lyard, Maria Concetta Maccarone, Thomas J. Maccarone, Gernot Maier, P. Majumdar, S. Maltezos, Przemysław Małkiewicz, C. Mañá, A. Manalaysay, G. Maneva, Angelo Mangano, P. Manigot, Jesus Marin, Mosè Mariotti, Sera Markoff, G. Martínez, Manel Martínez, A. Mastichiadis, H. Matsumoto, S. Mattiazzo, D. Mazin, T. J. L. McComb, N. A. McCubbin, I. McHardy, C. Medina, David Melkumyan, Andre David Tinoco Mendes, Philipp Mertsch, M. Meucci, Jerzy Michałowski, P. Micolon, T. Mineo, N. Mirabal, F. Mirabel, Jose Miguel Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, Tsunefumi Mizuno, B. Moal, R. Moderski, Emilio Molinari, I. Monteiro, Abelardo Moralejo, C. Morello, Koji Mori, Giorgio Motta, F. Mottez, E. Moulin, R. Mukherjee, P. Munar, H. Muraishi, Kohta Murase, A. St. J. Murphy, S. Nagataki, T. Naito, Takeshi Nakamori, Kohichi Nakayama, Christopher Lindsay Naumann, D. Naumann, P. Nayman, D. Nedbal, A. Niedźwiecki, J. Niemiec, A. Nikolaidis, K. Nishijima, S. J. Nolan, N. Nowak, P. T. O’Brien, I. Ochoa, Y. Ohira, M. Ohishi, H. Ohka, Akira Okumura, C. Olivetto, R. A. Ong, R. Orito, Matthew E Orr, Julian P. Osborne, Michal Ostrowski, Lidia Otero, A. Nepomuk Otte, E. Ovcharov, R. Mirzoyan, A. Oziȩbło, S. Paiano, Juan Vicente Pallota, J-L. Panazol, D. Paneque, M. Panter, R. Paoletti, G. Papyan, Josep Maria Paredes, Giovanni Pareschi, R. D. Parsons, M. Paz Arribas, G. Pedaletti, A. Pepato, MASSIMO PERSIC, Pierre-Olivier Petrucci, B. Peyaud, Włodzimierz Piechocki, S. Pita, G. Pivato, Ł. Płatos, R. Platzer, L. Pogosyan, MARTIN POHL, G. Pojmański, J. D. Ponz, William J. Potter, E. Prandini, R. D. Preece, H. Prokoph, Gerd Pühlhofer, Michael Punch, E. J. Quel, Andreas Quirrenbach, Pawel J. Rajda, R. Rando, Mirosław Rataj, M. Raue, Curt T. Reimann, O. Reimann, A. Reimer, Olaf Reimer, M. Renaud, S. Renner, J.-M. Reymond, Wolfgang Rhode, Marc Ribó, M. Ribordy, Javier Rico, FRANK M. RIEGER, P. Ringegni, J. Ripken, P. Ristori, S. Rivoire, Ladislav Rob, S. Rodriguez, U. Roeser, Patrizia Romano, Gustavo E. Romero, S. Rosier-Lees, Adrian C. Rovero, Frank Roy, S. Royer, B. Rudak, Cameron Boyd Rulten, J. Ruppel, Francesco Russo, F. Ryde, B. Sacco, Antonio Saggion, Vardan Sahakian, Koji Saito, Takayuki Saito, Naoto Sakaki, Edwin Andrés Quintero Salazar, A. Salini, F. Munoz Sanchez, M. Á. Sánchez Conde, Andrea E. Santangelo, Edivaldo Moura Santos, Andreu Sanuy, L. Sapozhnikov, Subir Sarkar, V. Scalzotto, Valeria Scapin, M. Scarcioffolo, T. Schanz, S. Schlenstedt, R. Schlickeiser, Thomas Walter Schmidt, Jürgen Schmoll, M. Schroedter, C. Schultz, J. Schultze, A. Schulz, U. Schwanke, S. Schwarzburg, T. Schweizer, John H. Seiradakis, S. Selmane, Karol Seweryn, Maxim Shayduk, Ronald Cintra Shellard, Toru Shibata, M. Sikora, Joseph I. Silk, A. Sillanpää, J. Sitarek, C. Skole, Niall J. Smith, D. Sobczyńska, M. Sofo Haro, Hugo Sol, F. Spanier, Daniele Spiga, S. Spyrou, V. Stamatescu, A. Stamerra, Rhaana L C Starling, Ł. Stawarz, R. Steenkamp, C. Stegmann, Stef Steiner, Nikolaos Stergioulas, Ronny Sternberger, F. Stinzing, M. Stodulski, U. Straumann, A. Suárez, M. Suchenek, Ryutaro Sugawara, K.-H. Sulanke, S. Sun, Alberto Daniel Supanitsky, Peter R. Sutcliffe, Michał Szanecki, Tomasz Szepieniec, A. Szostek, A. E. Szymkowiak, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, H. Tajima, Hiromitsu TAKAHASHI, K. Takahashi, L. O. Takalo, H. Takami, Robert Gordon Talbot, P. H. T. Tam, M. M. Tanaka, Toru Tanimori, Marco Tavani, J.‐P. Tavernet, C. Tchernin, Luis Tejedor, Igor Telezhinsky, Petar Temnikov, Christopher Tenzer, Y. Terada, Regis Terrier, M. Teshima, V. Testa, Luigi Tibaldo, O. Tibolla, M. Tluczykont, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, F. Tokanai, Marta Tokarz, Kenji Toma, Diego F. Torres, Gino Tosti, Tomonori Totani, F. Toussenel, P. Vallania, G. Vallejo, D. J. van der Walt, C. van Eldik, J. Vandenbroucke, H. P. Vankov, G. Vasileiadis, Vladimir V. Vassiliev, I. Vegas, L. Venter, Stefano Vercellone, Christian Veyssière, J. P. Vialle, M. Videla, P. Vincent, Jacco Vink, N. Vlahakis, L. Vlahos, P. Vogler, A. Vollhardt, F. Volpe, H.P. von Gunten, S. Vorobiov, Stefan J. Wagner, Robert Wagner, B. Wagner, S. P. Wakely, P. von Walter, Roland Walter, R. S. Warwick, P. Wawer, R. Wawrzaszek, N. A. Webb, Peter W. Wegner, A. J. R. Weinstein, Q. Weitzel, R. Welsing, H. Wetteskind, Richard White, Alicja Wierzcholska, Mark I. Wilkinson, David A. Williams, M. Winde, Ralf Wischnewski, Ł. Wiśniewski, A. Wolczko, Marion Wood, Q. Y. Xiong, Tokonatsu Yamamoto, K. Yamaoka, Ryo Yamazaki, S. Yanagita, B. Yoffo, M. Yonetani, A. Yoshida, T. Yoshida, T. Yoshikoshi, V. Zabalza, A. Zagdański, A. Zajczyk, Andrzej A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, Krzystof Zietara, Paweł Ziółkowski, V. Zitelli, P. Żychowski · 发表于：Experimental Astronomy · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1007/s10686-011-9247-0 · 被引用次数：921 · 研究领域：Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena、Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena、Particle Detector Development and Performance

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5–10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV–10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.