Use of Nonhuman Milks in the Dietary Management of Young Children With Acute Diarrhea: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

作者：Kenneth H. Brown, Janet M Peerson, Olivier Fontaine · 发表于：PEDIATRICS · 年份：1994 · DOI：10.1542/peds.93.1.17 · 被引用次数：168 · 研究领域：Digestive system and related health、Infant Nutrition and Health、Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of continued feeding of nonhuman milks or formulas to young children during acute diarrhea on their treatment failure rates, stool frequency and amount, diarrheal duration, and change in body weight. METHODS: A total of 29 randomized clinical trials of 2215 patients were identified by computerized bibliographic search and review of published articles. Data were abstracted and analyzed using standard meta-analytic procedures. RESULTS: Among studies that compared lactose-containing milk or formula diets with lactose-free regimens, those children who received the lactose-containing diets during acute diarrhea were twice as likely to have a treatment failure as those who received a lactose-free diet (22% vs 12%, respectively; P < .001). However, the excess treatment failure rates occurred only in those studies that included patients whose initial degree of dehydration, as reported by authors, was severe, or that were conducted before 1985, when appropriate diarrhea treatment protocols were first widely accepted. Among studies of patients with mild diarrhea, all but one of which were completed after 1985, the overall treatment failure rates in the lactose groups were similar to the rates in the lactose-free groups (13% vs 15%). These results suggest that children with mild or no dehydration and those who are managed according to appropriate treatment protocols, such as that promoted by the World Health Organization, can be treated as successfully w...