Epidemiology of gastric cancer

作者：Katherine D. Crew, Alfred I. Neugut · 发表于：World Journal of Gastroenterology · 年份：2006 · DOI：10.3748/wjg.v12.i3.354 · 被引用次数：2128 · 研究领域：Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies、Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes、Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments

fallen dramatically over the past 70 years [1] .Despite its recent decline, gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide [2,3] .In 2000, about 880 000 people were diagnosed with gastric cancer and approximately 650 000 died of the disease [4] .The two main tumor sites of gastric adenocarcinoma are proximal (cardia) and distal (noncardia).Despite a decline in distal gastric cancers, proximal tumors have been increasing in incidence since the 1970s, especially among males in the Western countries [5,6] .These gastric tumor types predominate in populations from different geographic locations, racial and socio-economic groups.They may also differ in genetic susceptibility, pathologic profile, clinical presentation, and prognosis.The observed differences between gastric cancers by anatomic site suggest that they are distinct diseases with different etiologies.Detailed epidemiological analyses of their demographic trends and risk factors will help guide future cancer control strategies. PATHOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONSAbout 90% of stomach tumors are adenocarcinomas, which are subdivided into two main histologic types:( 1 ) we l l -d i f f e r e n t i a t e d o r i n t e s t i n a l t y p e, a n d ( 2 ) undifferentiated or diffuse type.The intestinal type is related to corpus-dominant gastritis with gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, whereas the diffuse type usually originates in pangastritis without atrophy.The inte...