A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing

作者：Junjie Qin, Ruiqiang Li, Jeroen Raes, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf, Chaysavanh Manichanh, Trine Nielsen, Nicolas Pons, Florence Levenez, Takuji Yamada, Daniel R. Mende, Junhua Li, Junming Xu, Shaochuan Li, Dongfang Li, Jianjun Cao, Bo Wang, Huiqing Liang, Huisong Zheng, Yinlong Xie, Julien Tap, Patricia Lepage, Marcelo Bertalan, Jean-Michel Batto, Torben Hansen, Denis Le Paslier, Allan Linneberg, H. Bjørn Nielsen, Éric Pelletier, Pierre Renault, Thomas Sicheritz‐Pontén, A. Keith Turner, Hongmei Zhu, Chang Yu, Shengting Li, Min Jian, Yan Zhou, Rui Li, Xiuqing Zhang, Songgang Li, Nan Qin, Huanming Yang, Jian Wang, Jian Wang, Søren Brunak, Joël Doré, Francisco Guarner, Karsten Kristiansen, Oluf Pedersen, Julian Parkhill, Jean Weissenbach, Peer Bork, S. Dusko Ehrlich, Jun Wang, Jun Wang · 发表于：Nature · 年份：2010 · DOI：10.1038/nature08821 · 被引用次数：11840 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Epigenetics and DNA Methylation、Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease

To understand the impact of gut microbes on human health and well-being it is crucial to assess their genetic potential. Here we describe the Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals. The gene set, ∼150 times larger than the human gene complement, contains an overwhelming majority of the prevalent (more frequent) microbial genes of the cohort and probably includes a large proportion of the prevalent human intestinal microbial genes. The genes are largely shared among individuals of the cohort. Over 99% of the genes are bacterial, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species, which are also largely shared. We define and describe the minimal gut metagenome and the minimal gut bacterial genome in terms of functions present in all individuals and most bacteria, respectively. The human body plays host to an estimated 100 trillion microbial cells, most of them in the gut where they have a profound influence on human physiology and nutrition — and are now regarded as crucial for human life. Gut microbes contribute to the energy harvest from food, and changes of gut microbiome may be associated with bowel diseases or obesity. Now the international MetaHIT (Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract) project has published a gene ...