Productivity of forests in the Eurosiberian boreal region and their potential to act as a carbon sink –‐ a synthesis

作者：Ernst‐Detlef Schulze, Jon Lloyd, Francis M. Kelliher, Christian Wirth, Corinna Rebmann, B. Lühker, Martina Mund, Alexander Knohl, Irena M. Milyukova, Waltraud X. Schulze, W. Ziegler, Andrej Varlagin, Andrey Sogachev, Riccardo Valentini, Sabina Dore, Sergey Nikolaevich Grigoriev, Olaf Kolle, M. I. Panfyorov, N. M. Tchebakova, NN. Vygodskaya · 发表于：Global Change Biology · 年份：1999 · DOI：10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00266.x · 被引用次数：397 · 研究领域：Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics、Forest Management and Policy

Summary Based on review and original data, this synthesis investigates carbon pools and fluxes of Siberian and European forests (600 and 300 million ha, respectively). We examine the productivity of ecosystems, expressed as positive rate when the amount of carbon in the ecosystem increases, while (following micrometeorological convention) downward fluxes from the atmosphere to the vegetation (NEE = Net Ecosystem Exchange) are expressed as negative numbers. Productivity parameters are Net Primary Productivity (NPP=whole plant growth), Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP = CO2 assimilation minus ecosystem respiration), and Net Biome Productivity (NBP = NEP minus carbon losses through disturbances bypassing respiration, e.g. by fire and logging). Based on chronosequence studies and national forestry statistics we estimate a low average NPP for boreal forests in Siberia: 123 gC m–2 y–1. This contrasts with a similar calculation for Europe which suggests a much higher average NPP of 460 gC m–2 y–1 for the forests there. Despite a smaller area, European forests have a higher total NPP than Siberia (1.2–1.6 vs. 0.6–0.9 × 1015 gC region–1 y–1). This arises as a consequence of differences in growing season length, climate and nutrition. For a chronosequence of Pinus sylvestris stands studied in central Siberia during summer, NEE was most negative in a 67‐y old stand regenerating after fire (– 192 mmol m–2 d–1) which is close to NEE in a cultivated forest of Germany (– 210 mmol m–2 d–1). C...