Global assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus diversity reveals very low endemism

作者：John Davison, Mari Moora, Maarja Öpik, Alok Adholeya, Leho Ainsaar, Amadou Bâ, Sashidhar Burla, Abdala Gamby Diédhiou, Inga Hiiesalu, Teele Jairus, Nancy Collins Johnson, Aboubacry Kane, Kadri Koorem, Mandira Kochar, Cheikh Ndiaye, Meelis Pärtel, Ülle Reier, Ülle Saks, Ranjeet Singh, Martti Vasar, Martin Zobel · 发表于：Science · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1126/science.aab1161 · 被引用次数：813 · 研究领域：Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions、Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies、Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

The global biogeography of microorganisms remains largely unknown, in contrast to the well-studied diversity patterns of macroorganisms. We used arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus DNA from 1014 plant-root samples collected worldwide to determine the global distribution of these plant symbionts. We found that AM fungal communities reflected local environmental conditions and the spatial distance between sites. However, despite AM fungi apparently possessing limited dispersal ability, we found 93% of taxa on multiple continents and 34% on all six continents surveyed. This contrasts with the high spatial turnover of other fungal taxa and with the endemism displayed by plants at the global scale. We suggest that the biogeography of AM fungi is driven by unexpectedly efficient dispersal, probably via both abiotic and biotic vectors, including humans.