Fluoroquinolone Use and Risk Factors for Clostridium difficile-Associated Disease within a Veterans Administration Health Care System

作者：Lynne V. McFarland, Jill E. Clarridge, H. Beneda, Gregory J. Raugi · 发表于：Clinical Infectious Diseases · 年份：2007 · DOI：10.1086/522187 · 被引用次数：111 · 研究领域：Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research、Antibiotic Use and Resistance、Infection Control in Healthcare

BACKGROUND: Prompted by the changing profile of Clostridium difficile infection and the impact of formulary policies in hospitals, we performed this study when an increase in the incidence of C. difficile-associated disease was noted at our health care center (Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington). METHODS: A retrospective, matched case-control study of patients presenting to the Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington during 2004 was performed. Conditional logistic analysis determined risk factors for case patients, defined as individuals with diarrhea and test results (i.e., culture or toxin assay results) positive for C. difficile, and control subjects, defined as individuals with diarrhea and test results negative for C. difficile. RESULTS: C. difficile-associated disease incidence was 29.2 cases per 10,000 inpatient-days. The increase in the incidence of C. difficile-associated diarrhea that paralleled increased gatifloxacin use was not attributable to use of the antimicrobial but was a reflection of seasonal variation in the rate of C. difficile-associated disease. Multivariate analysis controlling for the time at which the assay was performed, the age of the patient, ward, and source of acquisition (community-acquired vs. nosocomial disease) found 6 significant risk factors for C. difficile-associated diarrhea: receipt of clindamycin (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 29.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]...