Enzyme-Coated Carbon Nanotubes as Single-Molecule Biosensors

作者：K. Besteman, Jeong-O Lee, Frank Wiertz, Hendrik A. Heering, Cees Dekker · 发表于：Nano Letters · 年份：2003 · DOI：10.1021/nl034139u · 被引用次数：1294 · 研究领域：Carbon Nanotubes in Composites、Electrochemical sensors and biosensors、Neuroscience and Neural Engineering

We demonstrate the use of individual semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes as versatile biosensors. Controlled attachment of the redox enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) to the nanotube sidewall is achieved through a linking molecule and is found to induce a clear change of the conductance. The enzyme-coated tube is found to act as a pH sensor with large and reversible changes in conductance upon changes in pH. Upon addition of glucose, the substrate of GOx, a steplike response can be monitored in real time, indicating that our sensor is also capable of measuring enzymatic activity at the level of a single nanotube. This first demonstration of nanotube-based biosensors provides a new tool for enzymatic studies and opens the way to biomolecular diagnostics.