Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Incident Hypertension

作者：John P. Forman, Edward L. Giovannucci, Michelle D. Holmes, Heike Annette Bischoff-Ferrari, Shelley S. Tworoger, Walter Churchill Willett, Gary C. Curhan · 发表于：Hypertension · 年份：2007 · DOI：10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.087288 · 被引用次数：901 · 研究领域：Vitamin D Research Studies、Climate Change and Health Impacts、Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research

Hydroxylation of 25(OH)D to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and signaling through the vitamin D receptor occur in various tissues not traditionally involved in calcium homeostasis. Laboratory studies indicate that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D suppresses renin expression and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation; clinical studies demonstrate an inverse association between ultraviolet radiation, a surrogate marker for vitamin D synthesis, and blood pressure. We prospectively studied the independent association between measured plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and risk of incident hypertension and also the association between predicted plasma 25(OH)D levels and risk of incident hypertension. Two prospective cohort studies including 613 men from the Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study and 1198 women from the Nurses' Health Study with measured 25(OH)D levels were followed for 4 to 8 years. In addition, 2 prospective cohort studies including 38 388 men and 77 531 women with predicted 25(OH)D levels were followed for 16 to 18 years. During 4 years of follow-up, the multivariable relative risk of incident hypertension among men whose measured plasma 25(OH)D levels were <15 ng/mL (ie, vitamin D deficiency) compared with those whose levels were >or=30 ng/mL was 6.13 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00 to 37.8). Among women, the same comparison yielded a relative risk of 2.67 (95% CI: 1.05 to 6.79). The pooled relative risk combining men and women with measured 25(OH)D levels using ...