Fat Mobilization in Adipose Tissue Is Promoted by Adipose Triglyceride Lipase

作者：Robert Zimmermann, Juliane Gertrude Bogner‐Strauß, Guenter Haemmerle, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Ruth Birner‐Gruenberger, Monika Riederer, Achim Lass, Georg Neuberger, Frank Eisenhaber, Albin Hermetter, Rudolf Zechner · 发表于：Science · 年份：2004 · DOI：10.1126/science.1100747 · 被引用次数：2137 · 研究领域：Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis、Adipose Tissue and Metabolism、Muscle metabolism and nutrition

Mobilization of fatty acids from triglyceride stores in adipose tissue requires lipolytic enzymes. Dysfunctional lipolysis affects energy homeostasis and may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance. Until now, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was the only enzyme known to hydrolyze triglycerides in mammalian adipose tissue. Here, we report that a second enzyme, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis. It is interesting that ATGL contains a "patatin domain" common to plant acyl-hydrolases. ATGL is highly expressed in adipose tissue of mice and humans. It exhibits high substrate specificity for triacylglycerol and is associated with lipid droplets. Inhibition of ATGL markedly decreases total adipose acyl-hydrolase activity. Thus, ATGL and HSL coordinately catabolize stored triglycerides in adipose tissue of mammals.