Determination of the Equation of State of Dense Matter

作者：Paweł Danielewicz, R. Lacey, W. G. Lynch · 发表于：Science · 年份：2002 · DOI：10.1126/science.1078070 · 被引用次数：1494 · 研究领域：High-Energy Particle Collisions Research、Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research、Nuclear physics research studies

Nuclear collisions can compress nuclear matter to densities achieved within neutron stars and within core-collapse supernovae. These dense states of matter exist momentarily before expanding. We analyzed the flow of matter to extract pressures in excess of 10(34) pascals, the highest recorded under laboratory-controlled conditions. Using these analyses, we rule out strongly repulsive nuclear equations of state from relativistic mean field theory and weakly repulsive equations of state with phase transitions at densities less than three times that of stable nuclei, but not equations of state softened at higher densities because of a transformation to quark matter.