Regulation of APC/C Activators in Mitosis and Meiosis

作者：Jillian A. Pesin, Terry L. Orr‐Weaver · 发表于：Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · 年份：2008 · DOI：10.1146/annurev.cellbio.041408.115949 · 被引用次数：323 · 研究领域：Microtubule and mitosis dynamics、Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways、Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms

The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a multisubunit E3 ubiquitin ligase that triggers the degradation of multiple substrates during mitosis. Cdc20/Fizzy and Cdh1/Fizzy-related activate the APC/C and confer substrate specificity through complex interactions with both the core APC/C and substrate proteins. The regulation of Cdc20 and Cdh1 is critical for proper APC/C activity and occurs in multiple ways: targeted protein degradation, phosphorylation, and direct binding of inhibitory proteins. During the specialized divisions of meiosis, the activity of the APC/C must be modified to achieve proper chromosome segregation. Recent studies show that one way in which APC/C activity is modified is through the use of meiosis-specific APC/C activators. Furthermore, regulation of the APC/C during meiosis is carried out by both mitotic regulators of the APC/C as well as meiosis-specific regulators. Here, we review the regulation of APC/C activators during mitosis and the role and regulation of the APC/C during female meiosis.