Plant Production and Soil Microorganisms in Late‐Successional Ecosystems: A Continental‐Scale Study

作者：Donald R. Zak, David Tilman, Robert Parmenter, Charles William Rice, Frederick M. Fisher, James M. Vose, Daniel G. Milchunas, C. Wayne Martin · 发表于：Ecology · 年份：1994 · DOI：10.2307/1940888 · 被引用次数：392 · 研究领域：Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis、Pasture and Agricultural Systems

Annual C inputs from plant production in terrestrial ecosystems only meet the maintenance energy requirements of soil microorganisms, allowing for little or no net annual increase in their biomass. Because microbial growth within soil is limited by C availability, we reasoned that plant production should, in part, control the biomass of soil microorganisms. We also reasoned that soil texture should further modify the influence of plant production on soil C availability because fine—textured soils typically support more microbial biomass than coarse—textured soils. To test these ideas, we quantified the relationship between aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and soil microbial biomass in late—successional ecosystems distributed along a continent—wide gradient in North America. We also measured labile pools of C and N within the soil because they represent potential substrate for microbial activity. Ecosystems ranged from a Douglas—fir forest in the western United States to the grasslands of the mid—continent to the hardwood forest in the eastern U.S. Estimates of ANPP obtained from the literature ranged from 82 to 1460 g°m—2°yr—1. Microbial biomass C and N were estimated by the fumigation—incubation technique. Labile soil pools of C and N and first—order rate constants for microbial respiration and net N mineralization were estimated using a long—term (32 wk) laboratory incubation. Regression analyses were used to relate ANPP and soil texture with microbial biomass and ...