Multitrophic interactions of the silverleaf whitefly, host plants, competing herbivores, and phytopathogens

作者：Richard T. Mayer, Moshe Inbar, Cindy L. McKenzie, Robert G. Shatters, Victoria A. Borowicz, Ute Albrecht, Charles A. Powell, Hamed Doostdar · 发表于：Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology · 年份：2002 · DOI：10.1002/arch.10065 · 被引用次数：123 · 研究领域：Insect-Plant Interactions and Control、Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences、Plant Parasitism and Resistance

Our laboratory found that silverleaf whitefly (SLW; Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring) feeding alters host plant physiology and chemistry. The SLW induces a number of host plant defenses, including pathogenesis-related (PR) protein accumulation (e.g., chitinases, beta-1,3-glucanases, peroxidases, chitosanases, etc.). Induction of the PR proteins by SLW feeding occurs in various plant species and varieties. The extent and type of induction is dependent on a number of factors that include host plant growing conditions, the length of time the host plant is exposed to SLW feeding, the plant variety, and SLW population densities. The appearance of PR proteins correlates well with reduced infestations of conspecific insect herbivore competitors. Greenhouse and field experiments in which herbivore competitors (cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni; leaf miner, Liromyza trifolii) were placed on plants previously exposed to SLW feeding demonstrated behavioral differences (oviposition, feeding preferences) and reduced survival rates and development times of these insects. The interaction was asymmetrical, i.e., SLW infestations of plants previously exposed to leaf miners had little or no effect on SLW behavior (oviposition). Induction of plant-defensive proteins by SLW feeding was both local (at the feeding site) and systemic (uninfested leaves distant to the feeding site). There are interactions between diseases such as tomato mottle virus (ToMoV; a geminivirus) and the host plant and ...