The relationship of average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking to burden of disease: an overview

作者：Jürgen Rehm, Robin Room, Kathryn Graham, Maristela Monteiro, Gerhard Gmel, Christopher T. Sempos · 发表于：Addiction · 年份：2003 · DOI：10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00467.x · 被引用次数：997 · 研究领域：Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects、Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes、Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

AIMS: As part of a larger study to estimate the global burden of disease attributable to alcohol: to quantify the relationships between average volume of alcohol consumption, patterns of drinking and disease and injury outcomes, and to combine exposure and risk estimates to determine regional and global alcohol-attributable fractions (AAFs) for major disease and injury categories. DESIGN, METHODS, SETTING: Systematic literature reviews were used to select diseases related to alcohol consumption. Meta-analyses of the relationship between alcohol consumption and disease and multi-level analyses of aggregate data to fill alcohol-disease relationships not currently covered by individual-level data were used to determine the risk relationships between alcohol and disease. AAFs were estimated as a function of prevalence of exposure and relative risk, or from combining the aggregate multi-level analyses with prevalence data. FINDINGS: Average volume of alcohol consumption was found to increase risk for the following major chronic diseases: mouth and oropharyngeal cancer; oesophageal cancer; liver cancer; breast cancer; unipolar major depression; epilepsy; alcohol use disorders; hypertensive disease; hemorrhagic stroke; and cirrhosis of the liver. Coronary heart disease (CHD), unintentional and intentional injuries were found to depend on patterns of drinking in addition to average volume of alcohol consumption. Most effects of alcohol on disease were detrimental, but for certain pat...