Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage

作者：Matthias Merker, Camille Blin, Stefano Mona, Nicolas Duforet-Frebourg, Sophie Lecher, Eve Willery, Michaël G. B. Blum, Sabine Rüsch–Gerdes, Igor V. Mokrousov, Eman Aleksic, Caroline Allix‐Béguec, Annick Antierens, EWA M. AUGUSTYNOWICZ-KOPEĆ, Marie Ballif, Francesca Barletta, Hans‐Peter Beck, Clifton E. Barry, Maryline Bonnet, Emanuele Borroni, Isolina Campos-Herrero, Daniela María Cirillo, Helen Suzanne Cox, Suzanne M. Crowe, Valeriu Crudu, Roland Diel, Francis A. Drobniewski, Maryse Fauville‐Dufaux, Sébastien Gagneux, Solomon Ghebremichael, Madeleine Hanekom, Sven Hoffner, Wei-wei Jiao, Stobdan Kalon, Thomas Andreas Kohl, Irina Kontsevaya, Troels Lillebæk, Shinji Maeda, Vladyslav Nikolayevskyy, Michael Rasmussen, Nalin Rastogi, Sofía Samper, Elisabeth Sánchez-Padilla, Branislava Savić, Isdore Chola Shamputa, Adong Shen, Li‐Hwei Sng, Petras Stakėnas, Kadri Toit, Francis Varaine, Dragana Vuković, Céline Wahl, Robin M. Warren, Philip Supply, Stefan Niemann, Thierry Wirth · 发表于：Nature Genetics · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1038/ng.3195 · 被引用次数：578 · 研究领域：Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology、Mycobacterium research and diagnosis、Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis

Thierry Wirth, Philip Supply, Stefan Niemann and colleagues analyze 4,987 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the Beijing lineage isolated from 99 countries. They report whole-genome sequencing of 110 representative strains, characterize global population structure and reconstruct the evolutionary history of this lineage. Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the Beijing lineage are globally distributed and are associated with the massive spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in Eurasia. Here we reconstructed the biogeographical structure and evolutionary history of this lineage by genetic analysis of 4,987 isolates from 99 countries and whole-genome sequencing of 110 representative isolates. We show that this lineage initially originated in the Far East, from where it radiated worldwide in several waves. We detected successive increases in population size for this pathogen over the last 200 years, practically coinciding with the Industrial Revolution, the First World War and HIV epidemics. Two MDR clones of this lineage started to spread throughout central Asia and Russia concomitantly with the collapse of the public health system in the former Soviet Union. Mutations identified in genes putatively under positive selection and associated with virulence might have favored the expansion of the most successful branches of the lineage.