The experimental plan for cryogenic layered target implosions on the National Ignition Facility—The inertial confinement approach to fusion

作者：M. J. Edwards, J. D. Lindl, B. K. Spears, S. V. Weber, L. J. Atherton, D. L. Bleuel, D. K. Bradley, D. A. Callahan, C. Cerjan, D. S. Clark, G. W. Collins, J. Fair, Renée T. Fortner, S. H. Glenzer, S. W. Haan, B. A. Hammel, A. V. Hamza, S. P. Hatchett, N. Izumi, B. A. Jacoby, O. S. Jones, Joachim Koch, B. Kozioziemski, O. L. Landen, R. A. Lerche, B. J. MacGowan, A. J. Mackinnon, E. R. Mapoles, M. M. Marinak, Mike Moran, E. I. Moses, D. H. Munro, Dieter Schneider, S. M. Sepke, D. A. Shaughnessy, P. T. Springer, R. Tommasini, L. A. Bernstein, W. Stoeffl, R. Betti, T. R. Boehly, T. C. Sangster, V. Yu. Glebov, P. W. McKenty, S. P. Regan, D. H. Edgell, J. P. Knauer, C. Stöeckl, D. R. Harding, S. H. Batha, G. P. Grim, H. W. Herrmann, G. A. Kyrala, M. D. Wilke, D. C. Wilson, J. A. Frenje, R. D. Petrasso, K. A. Moreno, H. Huang, K. C. Chen, E. Giraldez, J. D. Kilkenny, M. Mauldin, N. Hein, M. Hoppe, A. Nikroo, R. J. Leeper · 发表于：Physics of Plasmas · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1063/1.3592173 · 被引用次数：182 · 研究领域：Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics、Nuclear Physics and Applications、High-pressure geophysics and materials

Ignition requires precisely controlled, high convergence implosions to assemble a dense shell of deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel with ρR>∼1 g/cm2 surrounding a 10 keV hot spot with ρR ∼ 0.3 g/cm2. A working definition of ignition has been a yield of ∼1 MJ. At this yield the α-particle energy deposited in the fuel would have been ∼200 kJ, which is already ∼10 × more than the kinetic energy of a typical implosion. The National Ignition Campaign includes low yield implosions with dudded fuel layers to study and optimize the hydrodynamic assembly of the fuel in a diagnostics rich environment. The fuel is a mixture of tritium-hydrogen-deuterium (THD) with a density equivalent to DT. The fraction of D can be adjusted to control the neutron yield. Yields of ∼1014−15 14 MeV (primary) neutrons are adequate to diagnose the hot spot as well as the dense fuel properties via down scattering of the primary neutrons. X-ray imaging diagnostics can function in this low yield environment providing additional information about the assembled fuel either by imaging the photons emitted by the hot central plasma, or by active probing of the dense shell by a separate high energy short pulse flash. The planned use of these targets and diagnostics to assess and optimize the assembly of the fuel and how this relates to the predicted performance of DT targets is described. It is found that a good predictor of DT target performance is the THD measurable parameter, Experimental Ignition Threshold Facto...