Widening disparity in survival between white and African‐American patients with breast carcinoma treated in the U. S. Department of Defense Healthcare system

作者：Ismail Jatoi, Heiko Becher, Charles Leake · 发表于：Cancer · 年份：2003 · DOI：10.1002/cncr.11604 · 被引用次数：133 · 研究领域：Global Cancer Incidence and Screening、Breast Cancer Treatment Studies、Cancer Risks and Factors

BACKGROUND: In the U. S., age-adjusted breast carcinoma mortality rates among white and African-American women have been diverging during the last 20 years. Some investigators speculate that the widening disparity is due to inequalities in access to healthcare, with African Americans having less access to necessary healthcare and improved therapies. Others argue that differences in tumor biology or some extrinsic influences on cancer etiology and behavior may account for the widening disparity. To examine this issue further, the authors compared trends in survival among white and African-American women diagnosed with breast carcinoma in the U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), an equal access healthcare system. METHODS: The medical records of all women diagnosed with primary breast carcinoma between 1980-1999 were retrieved from the U. S. DoD Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR). Variables selected for further analysis were date of diagnosis, date of birth, vital status and date of death if applicable, race (black, white, and others), and stage of tumor. Because the database does not contain causes of death, overall survival was investigated. The effect of year of diagnosis and race on overall survival was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model stratified by age at diagnosis (1-year age groups). Calculations were performed separately by disease stage for all stages combined and stratified by stage. Statistical analyses were performed using the statistical softwar...