The prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Shanghai, China: Impact of age, gender, and education

作者：Mingyuan Zhang, Robert Katzman, David P. Salmon, Hua Jin, Guojun Cai, Zhengyu Wang, Guang-Ya Qu, Igor Grant, Elena S. H. Yu, Paul S. Levy, Melville R. Klauber, William T. Liu · 发表于：Annals of Neurology · 年份：1990 · DOI：10.1002/ana.410270412 · 被引用次数：1076 · 研究领域：Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research、Alzheimer's disease research and treatments、Aging, Elder Care, and Social Issues

We report the prevalence rates for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) obtained from a probability sample survey of 5,055 noninstitutionalized older persons in Shanghai, China. A two-stage procedure was used for case finding and case identification. A Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to determine cases of possible dementia. Three different cutoff points on this mental status test were used depending on the respondent's level of education. Clinical evaluations, based on functional assessments and psychiatric interview, medical and neurological examinations, three standardized mental status tests, and a selected group of psychometric tests, were made in the second stage of the study to ascertain the clinical diagnosis of dementia and AD utilizing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, edition 3 and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria, respectively. The prevalence rate of dementia in persons 65 years and older was 4.6%. Clinically diagnosed AD accounted for 65% of the subjects with dementia. These findings indicate that the prevalence of dementia in Shanghai is very much higher than figures published earlier for China and Japan, and at the lower part of the range of values reported for community residents in the United States and other Western countries, but less than half of that reported in the recently published survey of the...