The Antibacterial Peptide Pyrrhocoricin Inhibits the ATPase Actions of DnaK and Prevents Chaperone-Assisted Protein Folding

作者：Goran Kragol, Sándor Lovas, Györgyi Váradi, Barry A. Condie, Ralf Thorsten Hoffmann, Laszlo Jr Otvos · 发表于：Biochemistry · 年份：2001 · DOI：10.1021/bi002656a · 被引用次数：500 · 研究领域：Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities、Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins、Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds

Recently, we documented that the short, proline-rich antibacterial peptides pyrrhocoricin, drosocin, and apidaecin interact with the bacterial heat shock protein DnaK, and peptide binding to DnaK can be correlated with antimicrobial activity. In the current report we studied the mechanism of action of these peptides and their binding sites to Escherichia coli DnaK. Biologically active pyrrhocoricin made of L-amino acids diminished the ATPase activity of recombinant DnaK. The inactive D-pyrrhocoricin analogue and the membrane-active antibacterial peptide cecropin A or magainin 2 failed to inhibit the DnaK-mediated phosphate release from adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). The effect of pyrrhocoricin on DnaK's other significant biological function, the refolding of misfolded proteins, was studied by assaying the alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase activity of live bacteria. Remarkably, both enzyme activities were reduced upon incubation with L-pyrrhocoricin or drosocin. D-Pyrrhocoricin, magainin 2, or buforin II, an antimicrobial peptide involved in binding to bacterial nucleic acids, had only negligible effect. According to fluorescence polarization and dot blot analysis of synthetic DnaK fragments and labeled pyrrhocoricin analogues, pyrrhocoricin bound with a K(d) of 50.8 microM to the hinge region around the C-terminal helices D and E, at the vicinity of amino acids 583 and 615. Pyrrhocoricin binding was not observed to the homologous DnaK fragment of Staphylococcus au...