Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Urban India: The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) Eye Study, I

作者：M. Rema, Sundaram Premkumar, Balaji Anitha, R Deepa, Rajendra Pradeepa, Viswanathan Mohan · 发表于：Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · 年份：2005 · DOI：10.1167/iovs.05-0019 · 被引用次数：524 · 研究领域：Retinal Diseases and Treatments、Retinal Imaging and Analysis、Retinal and Optic Conditions

PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic subjects in urban India using four-field stereo color photography. METHODS: The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES) is a population-based study conducted on a representative population of Chennai (formerly Madras) city in South India. Individuals > or =20 years in age (n = 26,001) were screened for diabetes. Of the 1529 known diabetic subjects, 1382 (90.4%) participated in the study. Subjects with newly detected diabetes (n = 354) by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) also consented to participate in the study. All the subjects underwent four-field stereo color photography, and retinopathy was graded in the color fundus photographs according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) criteria. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of DR in the population was 17.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.8-19.5), which included 20.8% (95% CI: 18.7-23.1) in known diabetic subjects and 5.1% (95% CI: 3.1-8.0) in subjects with newly detected diabetes. The prevalence of DR was significantly higher in men than in women (21.3% vs. 14.6%; P < 0.0001) and among subjects with proteinuria (P = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis showed that for every 5-year increase in the duration of diabetes, the risk for DR increased 1.89-fold (95% CI: 1.679-2.135; P < 0.0001). For every 2% elevation of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the risk for DR increased by a factor of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.545-1.980; P < 0.00...