Learning and Retention in Monkeys After Amygdala-Hippocampus Resection

作者：Jack Orbach, Brenda Atkinson Milner, Tina Lein Rasmussen · 发表于：Archives of Neurology · 年份：1960 · DOI：10.1001/archneur.1960.00450030008002 · 被引用次数：265 · 研究领域：Memory and Neural Mechanisms、Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research、Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases

In 1899 Bechterew3demonstrated a case of bilateral softening of the gyrus uncinatus and cornu ammonis before members of the St. Petersburg Clinic and drew attention to the prominent memory disturbances. Over 50 years later, Glees and Griffith8described an instance of dementia with bilateral destruction of the hippocampus and hippocampal gyrus in which recent memory impairment was an early and prominent symptom. They concluded on the basis of the necropsy material that the integrity of the region of the hippocampus is necessary for the maintenance of recent memory. Since then, a series of clinical studies has provided corroborative evidence and has extended these findings. In 1954, Scoville35reported a grave loss of recent memory in one epileptic and one psychotic patient after bilateral surgical removal of the uncus, hippocampus, and hippocampal gyrus. Formal memory and intelligence testing of eight similar patients again indicated impairment in recent