Defect Chemistry of Titanium Dioxide. Application of Defect Engineering in Processing of TiO2-Based Photocatalysts

作者：M. K. Nowotny, L. R. Sheppard, T. Ba̧k, J. Nowotny · 发表于：The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · 年份：2008 · DOI：10.1021/jp077275m · 被引用次数：592 · 研究领域：TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells、Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques、Catalytic Processes in Materials Science

The present work brings together the concepts of defect chemistry and photoelectrochemistry in order to consider TiO 2 -based photosensitive oxide semiconductors as photocatalysts for water purification. This paper reports the most recent progress in the defect chemistry of TiO 2 and its solid solutions with aliovalent ions forming donors and acceptors. The relationship between the defect-related properties, such as electrical and photocatalytic properties, are outlined. It is shown that reactivity, photoreactivity, and the related charge transfer of photocatalysts based on TiO 2 are determined by defect disorder and the related chemical potential of electrons. Therefore, defect chemistry may be used as a framework for the processing of well-defined TiO 2 -based photocatalysts. The photoreactivity of TiO 2 with water and its solutes is considered in terms of the effect of both collective and local properties. The effect of noble metals attached to TiO 2 as a separate phase, such as platinum, on photoelectrochemical properties and the related photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 is discussed. The key functional properties, which are responsible for the efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy (required for water purification), are outlined. The effect of TiO 2 doping with aliovalent ions on properties is considered in terms of the doping mechanisms and the related semiconducting properties. It is argued that comparison of the experimental data reported in the l...