Prenatal exposure to methadone and buprenorphine: A review of the potential effects on cognitive development

作者：Carolien Konijnenberg, Annika Maria Desiree Melinder · 发表于：Child Neuropsychology · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1080/09297049.2011.553591 · 被引用次数：96 · 研究领域：Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects、Infant Development and Preterm Care、Neonatal and fetal brain pathology

The amount of opioid users receiving opioid maintenance therapy has increased significantly over the last few years. As a result, an increasing number of children are prenatally exposed to long-lasting opioids such as methadone and buprenorphine. This article reviews the literature on the cognitive development of children born to mothers in opioid maintenance therapy. Topics discussed are the effects of prenatal exposure on prematurity, somatic growth, brain volume, myelination, and the endocrine and neurotransmitter system. Social-environmental factors, including parental functioning, as well as genetic factors are also described. Areas requiring further research are identified.