EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL BURNS, ESPECIALLY THE MODERATE TEMPERATURE BURN

作者：E. H. Leach, Rudolph Albert Peters, R. J. Rossiter · 发表于：Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology and Cognate Medical Sciences · 年份：1943 · DOI：10.1113/expphysiol.1943.sp000875 · 被引用次数：91 · 研究领域：Burn Injury Management and Outcomes

I. With the object of producing standard low‐temperature burns in animals, and of studying the area of tissue only partly damaged in a burn, a burning iron has been made capable of applying temperatures from 45°‐80°C. to the skin; with this the amount of heat and temperature causing skin damage has been studied, and the macroscopic and microscopic damage due to graded temperatures have been delineated. II. Macroscopic Changes. 1. Graded temperatures of 45°‐80°C. have been applied to the skin of shaved, anæsthetised guinea‐pigs, and in some cases rats, for times varying from 10 sec. to 6 and 10 min. Observations have been made of the development of erythema, flare, blanching, blueing, heat fixation, incipient blister formation, œdema, and edge wheal, as also upon the later scab formation and rate of epithelium regeneration. 2. Applications of 47°C. up to 6 minutes produce no visible change. 3. At 50°‐55°C. applied for 1 minute and over, there is a critical temperature for the development of permanent and irreversible damage; in animals good scab formation occurs after burning at this temperature. 4. After temperatures of 60°‐65°C. the epidermis can be peeled off from the exposed area, leaving a punched‐out exposed surface area somewhat like the exposed human blister. 5. A temperature of 70°‐80°C. for 10‐20 seconds produces severe scabbing. 6. Observations of œdema formation have been checked by wet and dry weights of specimens of skin taken 2 hours after heating. At 55°C. ther...