Regulation of Cytokine mRNA Expression in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Human Macrophages

作者：Wuning Zhong · 发表于：Archives of Surgery · 年份：1993 · DOI：10.1001/archsurg.1993.01420140035006 · 被引用次数：66 · 研究领域：Immune cells in cancer、Immune Response and Inflammation、Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor

One of the responses of the human macrophage to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the production of a number of cytokines. The regulation of these cytokines is still not clearly understood. To study this regulation, mRNA levels of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-8/neutrophil chemotactic factor were determined in 10-day-old differentiated macrophages following stimulation with a low dose of LPS (0.001 to 10 ng/mL) with use of the polymerase chain reaction. Increased levels of mRNA for IL-8 were detectable after exposure to a very low dose of LPS (0.001 ng/mL) and levels of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were detectable only after stimulation with doses of 0.01 ng/mL. The mRNA for IL-8 was detected 30 minutes after the addition of LPS, while those for IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were only measurable at 1 hour. The mRNAs for IL-1 alpha, IL-6, and GM-CSF were detectable only with a higher dose of lipopolysaccharide and only after a longer exposure time. In addition, the messages for IL-6 and GM-CSF were measurable for a short time, while those of IL-8 and of IL-1 beta were detectable for a longer time. The secretion of TNF-alpha and GM-CSF tightly followed gene activation, and that of IL-6 and IL-8 steadily increased even after the mRNA level of these cytokines returned to baseline. Secretion of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta was hardly detected, although their gene activation w...