A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Study of Amiid Fishes (Amiidae) Based on Comparative Skeletal Anatomy. an Empirical Search for Interconnected Patterns of Natural History

作者：Lance Grande, William E. Bemis · 发表于：Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology · 年份：1998 · DOI：10.1080/02724634.1998.10011114 · 被引用次数：508 · 研究领域：Ichthyology and Marine Biology、Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology、Fish biology, ecology, and behavior

The comparative osteology, phylogenetic relationships, and historical biogeography of all known taxa of fossil and living amiid fishes (Halecomorphi: Amiidae) are investigated in detail. Previously, the detailed osteology of nearly all fossil amiids was unknown. We present the first well-supported comprehensive phylogeny for fossil and living amiid fishes. We synthesize clearly documented phylogenetic data on amiids and other halecomorph fishes with other historical phenomena such as ontogeny, historical biogeography, stratigraphic paleontology, and paleoecology (both “stationary” and “historical”). We also use our study of halecomorph fishes as a platform to explore several fundamental methodological and theoretical concepts important to phylogenetic/evolutionary investigations. These concepts pertain mainly to (1) the use of comparative empirical data to interpret various historical patterns and (2) the practice of integrating fossil and living species together in original (i.e., non-literature-based) phylogenetic studies. As proposed by Patterson (1973), Amia calva is the sole surviving member of a formerly diverse clade, Halecomorphi. Even Amiidae (the halecomorph subgroup that is the focus of this study) was taxonomically diverse and widespread during Mesozoic and Paleogene times. Amiidae here includes only those amiiform fishes that have solid perichordally ossified diplospondylous centra of both the “normal” (a term used here for non-alternating) and the alternating ty...