The Initial Response to the Boston Marathon Bombing

作者：Jonathan D. Gates, Sandra S. Arabian, Paul D. Biddinger, Joe Blansfield, Peter Burke, Sarita Chung, Jonathan Fischer, Franklin D. Friedman, Alice Gervasini, Eric Goralnick, Alok Gupta, Andreas Larentzakis, Maria Faillace McMahon, Juan Mella, Yvonne Michaud, David P. Mooney, Reuven Rabinovici, Darlene Sweet, Andrew Ulrich, George Velmahos, Cheryl Weber, Michael B. Yaffe · 发表于：Annals of Surgery · 年份：2014 · DOI：10.1097/sla.0000000000000914 · 被引用次数：185 · 研究领域：Disaster Response and Management、Trauma and Emergency Care Studies、Trauma, Hemostasis, Coagulopathy, Resuscitation

OBJECTIVE: We discuss the strengths of the medical response to the Boston Marathon bombings that led to the excellent outcomes. Potential shortcomings were recognized, and lessons learned will provide a foundation for further improvements applicable to all institutions. BACKGROUND: Multiple casualty incidents from natural or man-made incidents remain a constant global threat. Adequate preparation and the appropriate alignment of resources with immediate needs remain the key to optimal outcomes. METHODS: A collaborative effort among Boston's trauma centers (2 level I adult, 3 combined level I adult/pediatric, 1 freestanding level I pediatric) examined the details and outcomes of the initial response. Each center entered its respective data into a central database (REDCap), and the data were analyzed to determine various prehospital and early in-hospital clinical and logistical parameters that collectively define the citywide medical response to the terrorist attack. RESULTS: A total of 281 people were injured, and 127 patients received care at the participating trauma centers on that day. There were 3 (1%) immediate fatalities at the scene and no in-hospital mortality. A majority of the patients admitted (66.6%) suffered lower extremity soft tissue and bony injuries, and 31 had evidence for exsanguinating hemorrhage, with field tourniquets in place in 26 patients. Of the 75 patients admitted, 54 underwent urgent surgical intervention and 12 (22%) underwent amputation of a lowe...