An Overview of Chemical Processes That Damage Cellular DNA: Spontaneous Hydrolysis, Alkylation, and Reactions with Radicals

作者：Kent S. Gates · 发表于：Chemical Research in Toxicology · 年份：2009 · DOI：10.1021/tx900242k · 被引用次数：489 · 研究领域：DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry、Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment、DNA Repair Mechanisms

The sequence of heterocyclic bases on the interior of the DNA double helix constitutes the genetic code that drives the operation of all living organisms. With this said, it is not surprising that chemical modification of cellular DNA can have profound biological consequences. Therefore, the organic chemistry of DNA damage is fundamentally important to diverse fields including medicinal chemistry, toxicology, and biotechnology. This review is designed to provide a brief overview of the common types of chemical reactions that lead to DNA damage under physiological conditions.