Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Aging

作者：Hang Cui, Yahui Kong, Hong Zhang · 发表于：Journal of Signal Transduction · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1155/2012/646354 · 被引用次数：1029 · 研究领域：Mitochondrial Function and Pathology、Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms、Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects

Aging is an intricate phenomenon characterized by progressive decline in physiological functions and increase in mortality that is often accompanied by many pathological diseases. Although aging is almost universally conserved among all organisms, the underlying molecular mechanisms of aging remain largely elusive. Many theories of aging have been proposed, including the free-radical and mitochondrial theories of aging. Both theories speculate that cumulative damage to mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the causes of aging. Oxidative damage affects replication and transcription of mtDNA and results in a decline in mitochondrial function which in turn leads to enhanced ROS production and further damage to mtDNA. In this paper, we will present the current understanding of the interplay between ROS and mitochondria and will discuss their potential impact on aging and age-related diseases.